在英语中有陈述语气,用于平铺直叙客观情况。而虚拟语气,顾名思义,不是真实的客观的情况,而是主观的(说话人)命令,要求,建议等,事实上并未发生。在形式上用should+do来标明这是虚拟语气。
巧记1:名词性从句中的虚拟语气 名词性从句:-------------------------- 主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句。1) 宾语从句: 10个动词+that sb. (should) do 例:I suggest that he (should) work hard. 我建议他努力学习。 巧记2:与suggest用法相同的10个动词
思考:为什么这些词要用虚拟语气呢? 因为:你命令要求建议或坚持让某人去做某事,事实他还没做,这就是虚拟语气。 所以要注意:suggest表暗示表明; insist表坚称时,不用虚拟语气。 He insisted that he didn't cheat in the exam. 他坚持说他没作弊。 His embarrassed look suggested that he was lying. 他尴尬的表情表明他在撒谎。
2)主语从句:It is/was +10个动词(-ed)+sb.(should) do 例:① It is suggested that he should work hard. 据建议他该努力学习。 注意:It 作形式主语使用虚拟语气的句式还有 ② It is important, necessary,strange…that+ (should) do ③ It is a pity, a shame, no wonder… that+ (should) do ④ It is (high/about) time that sb. should do/did sth.(should不可省略) 到某人做某事的时间了,事实上还没做,所以用虚拟。 注意:在句式②③中,should除译为应该外,有时表竟然。 例句:It is strange that he should arrive so early. 他竟然这么早就到了,真是奇怪。 It is a shame that he should cheat in the exam. 他竟然考试作弊,真是可耻。
3)表语从句: 10个名词+ be+ that+ sb. (should) do 例:My suggestion is that he (should) work hard. 我的建议是他该努力学习。 注意:10个动词的名词形式如下 1坚持:insistence 2命令:order, command 3要求:demand, requirement,request 4建议:advice,suggestion,proposal,recommendation
4)同位语从句:10个名词+ + that+ sb. (should) do 例:He didn’t follow my suggestion that he (should) work hard. 他没有听我让他努力学习的建议。 【本文转载自今日头条:英语语法实验室】
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